Debian 12一键更换系统源为默认官方源/清华源/中科大源/腾讯云源/阿里云源/Linode源

有时候买了国内的服务器，更新系统或者安装软件速度相当慢，这时候我们可以将系统源一键更换为国内的源，速度就会快很多！

一、备份现有apt源配置

mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old

二、替换为其他apt源

1、替换为默认官方源

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

2、替换为清华源

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

3、替换为中科大源

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

4、替换为腾讯云源

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

使用腾讯云服务器时，可以选择腾讯云内网源，走内网不消耗公网流量。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

5、替换为阿里云源

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

使用阿里云服务器时，可以选择阿里云内网源，走内网不消耗公网流量。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

6、替换为Linode源（不支持HTTPS）

这是一条命令，全部复制后，直接粘贴然后一起执行。

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

EOF

三、更新apt索引

apt update