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[Python] Python 导入自定义包的正确做法是什么?

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我是编程新手,正在练习爬虫项目,Python 到底如何导入包?

xxx_project
├── README
└── app
    ├── models.py
    ├── main.py
    └── crawler
        └── scraper_1.py
        └── scraper_2.py
        └── scraper_3.py

models 定义了数据库引擎和会话,我想让 scraper 能够与数据库交互,但是
from ..models import func 会得到报错
ImportError: attempted relative import with no known parent package

from app.models import func 又会得到报错
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'app'

网上提到的在 app 目录下创建空白 __init__.py 似乎也没有效果,而 GPT 提到的将 app 目录添加到环境变量是最佳做法吗?还是说我这样的目录结构本身就是错的?

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